Glossary of Entrepreneurship

Glossary for Entrepreneurship

Keyword	Definition	Vietnamese
acquisition financing	Financing to buy another company	Tài chính để mua một công ty khác
acquisition	Purchasing all or part of a company	Mua lại 1 phần hoặc toàn công ty
affordable loss principle	Prescribes committing in advance to what one is willing to lose rather than investing in calculations about expected returns to the project	Lý thuyết tổn thất có thể chấp nhận
aftermarket support	Actions of underwriters to help support the price of stock following the public offering	Hỗ trợ bao tiêu (giá cả và thời gian sẽ mua lại chứng khoán khi đưa chứng khoán ra công chúng)
assessment of a new entry's attractiveness	Determining whether the entrepreneur believes she or he can make the proposed new entry work	Đánh giá sự thu hút của sản phẩm mới
assessment of risk	Identifies potential hazards and alternative strategies to meet business plan goals and objectives	Đánh giá rủi ro
asset base for loans	Tangible collateral valued at more than the amount of money borrowed	Khoản vay mượn dùng tài sản để thế chấp
assets	Items that are owned or available to be used in the venture operations	Tài sản
assets of newness	Positive implications arising from an organization's newness	Tài sản của 1 tổ chức mới
attribute listing	Developing a new idea by looking at the positives and negatives	Liệt kê các thuộc tính của ý tưởng mới
backward integration	A step back (up) in the value-added chain toward the raw materials	Hội nhập lùi về giá trị gia tăng của nguyên vật liệu thô
balance of payments	The trade status between countries	Cán cân thanh toán
bargaining zone	The range of outcomes between the entrepreneur's reservation price and the reservation price of the other party	Vùng đàm phán
barter	A method of payment using nonmoney items	Trao đổi bằng hiện vật
big-dream approach	Developing a new idea by thinking without constraints	Triển khai ý tưởng mới một cách tự do
bird-in-hand principle	Involves negotiating with any and all stakeholders who are willing to make actual commitments to the project; determines the goals of the enterprise	Lý thuyết “1 con chim trong tay bằng 2 con ngoài trời”
blue-sky laws	Laws of each state regulating public sale of stock	Luật kiểm soát bán cổ phần ra công chúng
book value	The indicated worth of the assets of a company	Giá trị trên sổ sách
brainstorming	A group method for obtaining new ideas and solutions	Phương pháp vận dụng trí tuệ của tập thể để giải quyết một vấn đề phức tạp
breakeven	Volume of sales where the venture neither makes a profit nor incurs a loss	Hòa vốn
breakthrough innovations	New products with some technological change	Sáng tạo đột phá
brokers	People who sell companies	Người môi giới
business angels	A name for individuals in the informal risk-capital market	Người xuất vốn cho người khác kinh doanh
business ethics	The study of behavior and morals in a business situation	Đạo đức kinh doanh
business plan	(1)The description of the future direction of the business (2) Written document describing all relevant internal and external elements and strategies for starting a new venture	Kế hoạch kinh doanh
causal process	A process that starts with a desired outcome and focuses on the means to generate that outcome	Quá trình ngẫu nhiên
Chapter 11 bankruptcy	Provides the opportunity to reorganize and make the venture more solvent	Phá sản
Chapter 13 bankruptcy	Voluntarily allows individuals with regular income the opportunity to make extended time payments
checklist method	Developing a new idea through a list of related issues	Phương pháp triển khai ý tưởng mới thông qua danh sách các vấn đề liên quan
cognitive adaptability	Describes the extent to which entrepreneurs are dynamic, flexible, self-regulating, and engaged in the process of generating multiple decision frameworks focused on sensing and processing changes in their environments and then acting on them	Khả năng thích nghi liên quan đến nhận thức
collective notebook method	Developing a new idea by group members regularly recording ideas	Phương pháp triển khai ý tưởng mới qua ý tưởng của tập thể được ghi lại
comment letter	A letter from the SEC to a company indicating corrections that need to be made in the submitted prospectus	Thư góp ý
comprehension questions	Questions designed to increase entrepreneurs' understanding of the nature of the environment	Câu hỏi kiểm tra nhận thức
concept stage	Second stage in product development process	Giai đoạn thứ hai trong quá trình phát triển sản phẩm
connection tasks	Tasks designed to stimulate entrepreneurs to think about the current situation in terms of similarities and differences with situations previously faced and solved	Các tác vụ được kết nối
contract	A legally binding agreement between two parties	Hợp đồng
conventional bank loan	Standard way banks lend money to companies	Khoản vay ngân hàng truyền thống
copyright	Right given to prevent others from printing, copying, or publishing any original works of authorship	Bản quyền
corporate culture	The environment of a particular organization	Văn hóa doanh nghiệp
corporation Separate	legal entity that is run by stockholders having limited liability	Cổ đông với trách nhiệm hữu hạn trong công ty cổ phần
creative problem solving	A method for obtaining new ideas focusing on the parameters	Giải quyết vấn đề 1 cách sáng tạo
deal structure	The form of the transaction when money is obtained by a company	Giao dịch dùng tiền
demand uncertainty	Considerable difficulty in accurately estimating the potential size of the market, how fast it will grow, and the key dimensions along which it will grow	Nhu cầu không xác định
departure points	The activities occurring when the venture is started	Điểm xuất phát
description of the venture	Provides complete overview of the product(s), service(s), and operations of new venture	Tổng quan về liên doanh
development financing	Financing to rapidly expand the business	Tài trợ tài chính để phát triển nhanh kinh doanh
direct exporting	Involves the use of independent distributors or the company's own overseas sales office in conducting international business	Xuất khẩu trực tiếp
disclosure document	Statement to U.S. Patent and Trademark Office by inventor disclosing intent to patent idea	Tài liệu đưa ra cho công chúng
distribution task	Negotiating how the benefits of the relationship will be allocated between the parties	Phân phối phúc lợi
diversification strategy	A strategy to grow by selling a new product to a new market	Chiến lược đa dạng hóa
diversified activity merger	A conglomerate merger involving the consolidation of two essentially unrelated firms	Sáp nhập thành tập đoàn
dual process for grief	Involves oscillation between the two grief recovery approaches (loss-orientation and restoration-orientation)	Quá trình kép đối phó với tai họa
due diligence	The process of deal evaluation	Quá trình đánh giá giao dịch
early-stage financing	One of the first financings obtained by a company	Tài trợ tài chính trong giai đoạn đầu
earnings approach	Determining the worth of a company by looking at its present and future earnings	Tiến trình xác định giá trị thu nhập của công ty
effectuation process	A process that starts with what one has (who they are, what they know, and whom they know) and selects among possible outcomes	Quá trình xác định giá trị
emerging industries	Industries that have been newly formed and are growing	Các nền công nghiệp mới nổi
employee stock option plan (ESOP)	A two- to three-year plan to sell the business to employees	Kế hoạch tùy chọn cổ phần của công nhân viên
entrepreneur as an innovator	An individual developing something unique	Doanh nhân là nhà cải cách
entrepreneur	Individual who takes risks and starts something new	Người đầu tư, người khởi nghiệp
entrepreneurial culture	The environment of an entrepreneurial-oriented firm	Văn hóa khởi nghiệp
entrepreneurial intentions	The motivational factors that influence individuals to pursue entrepreneurial outcomes	Mục tiêu của sự khởi nghiệp
entrepreneurial mind-set	Involves the ability to rapidly sense, act, and mobilize, even under uncertain conditions	Tư duy khởi nghiệp
entrepreneurial process	The process of pursuing a new venture, whether it be new products into existing markets, existing products into new markets, and/or the creation of a new organization	Quá trình khởi nghiệp
entrepreneurial resource	The ability to obtain, and then recombine, resources into a bundle that is valuable, rare, and inimitable	Tài nguyên khởi nghiệp
entrepreneurial self-efficacy	The conviction that one can successfully execute the entrepreneurial process	Sự tự tin của doanh nhân
entrepreneurial strategy	The set of decisions, actions, and reactions that first generate, and then exploit over time, a new entry	Chiến lược khởi nghiệp
entrepreneurially fostering environment	An environment that enhances organizational members'perceptions of entrepreneurial action as both feasible and desirable	Môi trường nuôi dưỡng ý tưởng khởi nghiệp
entrepreneurship	(1) Process of creating something new and assuming the risks and rewards (2) is the process of creating something new with value by devoting	Tinh thần khởi nghiệp
environmental analysis	Assessment of external uncontrollable variables that may impact the business plan	Phân tích môi trường
equity participation	Taking an ownership position	Tham gia góp vốn
equity pool	Money raised by venture capitalists to invests	Phần vốn góp
error of commission	Negative outcome from acting	Sai sót trong khi thi hành phận sự
error of omission	Negative outcome from not acting	Sai sót về bỏ sót
exporting	The sale and shipping of products manufactured in one country to a customer located in another country	Xuất khẩu
factor approach	Using the major aspects of a company to determine its worth	Dùng các lĩnh vực chính của công ty để định giá trị của nó
factors in valuation	Nonmonetary aspects that affect the fund valuation of a company	Các nhân tố trong việc đánh giá
FIFO	Inventory costing method whereby first items into inventory are first items out	Nhập trước, xuất trước
final approval	A document showing the final terms of the deal	Văn bản thể hiện điều khoản cuối cùng của hợp đồng
financial plan	Projections of key financial data that determine economic feasibility and necessary financial investment commitment	Kế hoạch tài trợ/đầu tư tài chính
Financial ratios	Control mechanisms to test the financial strength of the new venture	Tỷ lệ tài chính
focus groups	Groups of individuals providing information in a structured format	Nhóm chuyên biệt
forced relationships	Developing a new idea by looking at product combinations	Phát triển ý tưởng mới thông qua các thành phần tạo nên sản phẩm
Form S-1	Form for registration for most initial public offerings of stock	Dạng đăng ký cổ phiếu công cộng
forward integration	A step forward (down) on the value-added chain toward the customers	Sự liên kết giữa công ty A và công ty B khi sản phẩm của công ty B là giai đoạn sau của qui trình sản xuất
foundation company	A type of company formed from research and development that usually does not go public	công ty sáng lập
Franchising	is an arrangement whereby a franchisor gives exclusive rights of local distribution to a franchisee in return for their payment of royalties and conformance to standardized operating procedures.	Nhượng quyền
free association	Developing a new idea through a chain of word associations	Phát triển ý tưởng mới thông qua phương pháp liên kết từ ngữ
full and fair disclosure	The nature of all material submitted to the SEC for approval	Minh bạch và đầy đủ
gazelles	Very high growth ventures	Liên doanh tăng trưởng rất cao
general partner	The overall coordinating party in a partnership agreement	Hội viên hợp tác tổng thể
general valuation approaches	Methods for determining the worth of a company	Các phương pháp thẩm định giá trị công ty
going public	Selling some part of the company by registering with the SEC	Phát hành ra công chúng
Gordon method	Method for developing new ideas when the individuals are unaware of the problem	Phương pháp phát triển ý tưởng mới khi các cá nhân không để ý đến vấn đề
government as an innovator	A government active in commercializing technology	Chính quyền chủ động trong công nghệ thương mại hóa
grief	A negative emotional response a person feels from the loss of something important	Thất bại, thua lỗ
high-potential venture	A venture that has high growth potential and therefore receives great investor interest	Liên doanh có tiềm năng cao
horizontal integration	Occurs at the same level of the value-added chain but simply involves a different, but complementary, valueadded chain	Liên kết theo chiều ngang (các bên đồng đẳng)
horizontal merger	A type of merger combining two firms that produce one or more of the same or closely related products in the same geographic area	Hợp nhất theo chiều ngang
idea stage	First stage in product development process	Giai đoạn phát triển ý tưởng
imitation strategies	Copying the practices of other firms	Chiến lược rập khuôn
indirect exporting	In international business, involves having a foreign purchaser in the local market or using an export management firm	Xuất khẩu gián tiếp
industry analysis	Reviews industry trends and competitive strategies	Phân tích các ngành công nghiệp
informal risk-capital market	Area of risk capital markets consisting mainly of individuals	Thị trường rủi ro về vốn đầu tư phi chính thức
initial public offering (IPO)	The first public registration and sale of a company's stock	Chào bán lầu đầu cho công chúng
integration task	Exploring possible mutual benefits from the relationship so that the "size of the pie" can be increased	Nhiệm vụ tích hợp
intellectual property	Any patents, trademarks, copyrights, or trade secrets held by the entrepreneur	Sở hữu trí tuệ
international entrepreneurship	An entrepreneur doing business across his or her national boundary	Doanh nhân quốc tế
inventor	An individual who creates something new	Nhà phát minh
involuntary bankruptcy	Petition of bankruptcy filed by creditors without consent of entrepreneur	Phá sản phi tự nguyện
joint venture	(1) The joining of two firms in order to form a third company in which the equity is shared (2) Two or more companies forming a new company	Liên doanh
key success factors	The requirements that any firm must meet in order to successfully compete in a particular industry	Nhân tố chủ chốt đưa đến thành công
lead time	The grace period in which the first mover operates in the industry under conditions of limited competition	Thời gian chờ hàng
lemonade principle	Prescribes leveraging surprises for benefits rather than trying to avoid them, overcome them, or adapt to them	Nguyên lý vượt qua khó khăn để tạo nên sản phẩm theo nguyên liệu sẳn có
leveraged buyout (LBO)	Purchasing an existing venture by any employee group	Mua một dự án bằng vốn của 1 nhóm công nhân viên
liabilities of newness	Negative implications arising from an organization's newness	Công nợ phát sinh từ các sự kiện mới của tổ chức
liabilities	Money that is owed to creditors	Nợ
licensing	(1) Contractual agreement giving rights to others to use intellectual property in return for a royalty or fee (2) Involves giving a foreign manufacturer the right to use a patent, technology, production process, or product in return for the payment of a royalty	Cấp giấy phép
lifestyle firm	A small venture that supports the owners and usually does not grow	Công ty con hỗ trợ cho công ty mẹ và thường không tăng trưởng
LIFO	Inventory costing method whereby last items into inventory are first items out	Nhập sau, xuất trước
limited partner	A party in a partnership agreement that usually supplies money and has a few responsibilities	THành viên trách nhiệm hữu hạn
liquidation value	Worth of a company if everything was sold today	Giá trị thanh lý
loss-orientation	An approach to grief recovery that involves working through, and processing, some aspect of the loss experience and, as a result of this process, breaking emotional bonds to the object lost	Mất định hướng
majority interest	The purchase of over 50 percent of the equity in a foreign business	Việc mua trên 50% tài sản trong 1 doanh nghiệp nước ngoài
management contract	A nonequity method of international business in which an entrepreneur contracts his or her management techniques and skills to a (foreign) purchasing company	Hợp đồng quản trị
managing underwriter	Lead financial firm in selling stock to the public	Người quản lý bao tiêu
market development strategy	Strategy to grow by selling the firm's existing products to new groups of customers	Chiến lược phát triển thị trường
market extension merger	A type of merger combing two firms that produce the same products but sell them in different geographic markets	Sáp nhập ngang
market knowledge	Possession of information, technology, know-how, and skills that provide insight into a market and its customers	Sự am hiểu thị trường
market segmentation	Process of dividing a market into definable and measurable groups for purposes of targeting marketing strategy	Phân khúc thị trường
marketing goals and objectives	Statements of level of performance desired by new venture	Mục tiêu và mục đích marketing
marketing mix	Combination of product, price, promotion, and distribution and other marketing activities needed to meet marketing objectives	Marketing hỗn hợp
marketing plan	(1) Describes market conditions and strategy related to how the product(s) and service(s) will be distributed, priced, and promoted (2) Written statement of marketing objectives, strategies, and activities to be followed in business plan	Kế hoạch marketing
marketing strategy and action plan	Specific activities outlined to meet the venture's business plan goals and objectives	Chiến lược marketing và kế hoạch hành động
marketing system	Interacting internal and external factors that affect venture's ability to provide goods and services to meet customer needs	Hệ thống marketing
merger	Joining two or more companies	Sáp nhập
me-too strategy	Copying products that already exist and attempting to build an advantage through minor variations	Chiến lược sao chép 1 sản phẩm đã tồn tại và nỗ lực xây dựng một thuận lợi thông qua các thay đổi nhỏ
minority interest	A form of direct foreign investment in which the investing entrepreneur holds a minority ownership position in the foreign venture	Cổ đông nhỏ
new entry	Offering a new product to an established or new market, offering an established product to a new market, or creating a new organization	Mới gia nhập thị trường
nonequity arrangement	A method by which an entrepreneur can enter a market and obtain sales and profits without direct equity investment in the foreign market	Sắp đặt đầu tư phi tài sản
opportunity identification	The process by which an entrepreneur comes up with the opportunity for a new venture	Xác định cơ hội
opportunity parameters	Barriers to new product creation and development	Tham số của cơ hội
ordinary innovations	New products with little technological change	Các cải tiến thông thường
organizational plan	Describes form of ownership and lines of authority and responsibility of members of new venture	Kế hoạch của tổ chức
owner equity	The amount owners have invested and/or retained from the venture operations	Vốn cổ đông
parameter analysis	Developing a new idea by focusing on parameter identification and creative synthesis	Phân tích tham số
participative style of management	The manager involves others in the decision-making process	Phong cách tham gia vào việc quản lý
patchwork quilt principle	Means-driven action that emphasizes the creation of something new with existing means rather than discovering new ways to achieve given goals	Nguyên lý chắp vá
patent	Grants holder protection from others making, using, or selling similar idea	Bản quyền phát minh
penetration strategy	A strategy to grow by encouraging existing customers to buy more of the firm's current products	Chiến lược xâm nhập thị trường
perceived desirability	The degree to which an individual has a favorable or unfavorable evaluation of the potential entrepreneurial outcomes	Giá trị kỳ vọng
pilot-in-the-plane principle	Urges relying on and working with people as the prime driver of opportunity and not limiting entrepreneurial efforts to exploiting factors external to the individual	Nguyên lý làm việc thông qua các cá nhân như là động lực chính lèo lái cơ hội và không hạn chế nỗ lực của doanh nhân trong việc khai thác các nhân tố bên ngoài  đối với cá nhân
political risk analysis	Prior to entering into business in another country, an assessment of that country's political policies and its stability	Phân tích rủi ro chính trị
preliminary screening	Initial evaluation of a deal	Đánh giá khởi đầu của một thỏa thuận
present value of future cash flow	Valuing a company based on its future sales and profits	Giá trị hiện tại của dòng tiền tương lai
pricing amendment	Additional information on price and distribution submitted to the SEC to develop the final prospectus	Sửa đổi giá
principle of analysis	Understanding how time is currently being allocated, and where it is being inefficiently invested	Nguyên lý phân tích
principle of desire	A recognition of the need to change personal attitudes and habits regarding the allocation of time	Nguyên lý kỳ vọng
principle of effectiveness	A focus on the most important issues	Nguyên lý hiệu quả
principle of prioritized planning	Categorization of tasks by their degree of importance and then the allocation of time to tasks based on this categorization	Nguyên lý lập kế hoạch ưu tiên
principle of reanalysis	Periodic review of one's time management process	Nguyên lý của việc tái phân tích
principle of teamwork	Acknowledgment that only a small amount of time is actually under one's control and that most of one's time is taken up by others	Nguyên lý hoạt động theo nhóm
private offering	A formalized method for obtaining funds from private investors	Phát hành cổ phiếu phổ biến
private venture-capital firms	A type of venture-capital firm having general and limited partners	Công ty liên doanh tư nhân
pro forma balance sheet	Summarizes the projected assets, liabilities, and net worth of the new venture assets Items that are owned or available to be used in the venture operations	Bản cân đối kế toán theo qui ước
pro forma cash flow	Projected cash available calculated from projected cash accumulations minus projected cash disbursements	Dòng tiền theo qui ước
pro forma income	Projected net profit calculated from projected revenue minus projected costs and expenses	Thu nhập theo qui ước
pro forma sources and applications of funds	Summarizes all the projected sources of funds available to the venture and how these funds will be disbursed	Các nguồn lực theo qui ước và các ứng dụng ngân quỹ
problem inventory analysis	A method for obtaining new ideas and solutions by focusing on problems	Phân tích vấn đề trong hàng tồn kho
product development stage	Third stage in product development process	Giai đoạn phát triển sản phẩm
product development strategy	A strategy to grow by developing and selling new products to people who are already purchasing the firm's existing products	Chiến lược phát triển sản phẩm
product extention merger	A type of merger in which acquiring and acquired companies have related production and/or distribution activities but do not have products that compete directly with each other	Mở rộng sáp nhập sản phẩm
product life cycle	The stages each product goes through from introduction to decline	Vòng đời sản phẩm
product planning and development process	The stages in developing a new product	Quá trình hoạch định và phát triển sản phẩm
product safety and liability	Responsibility of a company to meet any legal specifications regarding a new product covered by the Consumer Product Safety Act	Trách nhiệm và an toàn về sản phẩm
production plan	Details how the product(s) will be manufactured	Kế hoạch về sản phẩm
professional-support network	Individuals who help the entrepreneur in business activities	Mạng lưới hỗ trợ chuyên nghiệp
prospectus	Document for distribution to prospective buyers of a public offering	Bản cáo bạch
public-equity market	One of the risk-capital markets consisting of publicly owned stocks of companies	Thị trường công cộng
quiet period	90-day period in going public when no new company information can be released	Thời kỳ trầm lắng
red herring	Preliminary prospectus of a potential public offering	Bản cáo bạch sơ bộ
referral sources	Ways individual investors find out about potential deals	Nguồn tham chiếu
reflection tasks	Tasks designed to stimulate entrepreneurs to think about their understanding and feelings as they progress through the entrepreneurial process	Các tác vụ phản xạ giúp người khởi nghiệp trải nghiệm quá trình đầu tư
registration statement	Materials submitted to the SEC for approval to sell stock to the public	Hồ sơ đăng ký bán cổ phần ra công chúng
Regulation D	Laws governing a private offering	Luật pháp quản trị chào hàng ra công chúng
replacement value	The cost of replacing all assets of a company	Chi phí thay thế các tài sản của 1 công ty
research and development limited partnerships	Money given to a firm for developing a technology that involves a tax shelter	Nghiên cứu và phát triển các quan hệ đối tác hạn chế
reservation price	The price (the bundle of resources from the agreement) at which the entrepreneur is indifferent about whether to accept the agreement or choose the alternative	Giá bảo lưu
resources	The inputs into the production process	Nguồn lực
restoration-orientation	An approach to grief recovery based on both avoidance and a proactiveness toward secondary sources of stress arising from a major loss	Định hướng cho việc phục hồi
reverse brainstorming	A group method for obtaining new ideas focusing on the negative	Phương pháp suy nghĩ ngược
risk	The probability of, and magnitude of, downside loss	rủi ro
risk-capital markets	Markets providing debt and equity to nonsecure financing situations	Thị trường có rủi ro về vốn
role models	Individuals influencing an entrepreneur's career choice and style	Mô hình vai trò
S corporation	Special type of corporation where profits are distributed to stockholders and taxed as personal income	Loại công ty cổ phần đặc biệt trong đó lợi nhận được phân phối cho cổ đông và bị áp thuế như là thu nhập cá nhân
SBIC firms	Small companies with some government money that invest in other companies	Các công ty nhỏ với ít vốn của chính phủ đầu tư vào công ty khác
SBIR grants program	Grants from the U.S. government to small technology-based businesses	Các tài trợ từ chính phủ Hoa Kỳ cho các doanh nghiệp nhỏ chuyên về công nghệ
scope	A choice about which customer groups to serve and how to serve them	Phạm vi
situation analysis	Describes past and present business achievements of new venture	Phân tích tình hình
state-sponsored venturecapital fund	A fund containing state government money that invests primarily in companies in the state	Quỹ đầu tư mạo hiểm được chính phủ bảo trợ
strategic tasks	Tasks designed to stimulate entrepreneurs to think about which strategies are appropriate for solving the problem (and why) or pursuing the opportunity (and how)	Các tác vụ chiến lược
switching costs	The costs that must be borne by customers if they are to stop purchasing from the current supplier and begin purchasing from another	Chi phí chuyển đổi
synergy	In a joint venture, the qualitative impact on the acquiring firm brought about by complementary factors inherent in the firm being acquired	Tính hiệp lực
target market	Specific group of potential customers toward which venture aims its marketing plan	Thị trường mục tiêu
technological innovations	New products with significant technological advancement	Đổi mới công nghệ
technological knowledge	Possession of information, technology, know-how, and skills that provide insight into ways to create new knowledge	Kiến thức về công nghệ
technological uncertainty	Considerable difficulty in accurately assessing whether the technology will perform and whether alternate technologies will emerge and leapfrog over current technologies	Công nghệ bất định
technology transfer	Commercializing the technology in the laboratories into new products	Chuyển giao công nghệ
test marketing stage	Final stage before commercialization in product development process	Giai đoạn thử nghiệm marketing
third-party arrangements	Paying for goods indirectly through another source	Thanh toán tiền hàng thông qua bên thứ ba
time management	The process of improving an individual's productivity through more efficient use of time	Quản trị thời gian
top management commitment	Managers in an organization strongly supporting corporate entrepreneurship	Cam kết quản lý
trade barriers	Hindrances to doing international business	Rào cản thương mại
trade secret	Protection against others revealing or disclosing information that could be damaging to business	Bí mật thương mại
trademark	A distinguishing word, name, or symbol used to identify a product	Nhãn hiệu của sản phẩm
traditional managers	Managers in a non-entrepreneurial-oriented organization	Nhà quản lý truyền thống
turn-key project	A method of doing international business whereby a foreign entrepreneur supplies the manufacturing technology or infrastructure for a business and then turns it over to local owners	Dự án chìa khóa trao tay
uncertainty for customers	Customers may have considerable difficulty in accurately assessing whether the new product or service provides value for them	Sự không chắc chắn về đánh giá sản phẩm của khách hàng
underwriting syndicate	Group of firms involved in selling stock to the public	Tập đoàn bao tiêu
venture-capital market	One of the risk-capital markets consisting of formal firms	Thị trường vốn đâu tư mạo hiểm
venture-capital process	The decision procedure of a venture-capital firm	Quá trình đầu tư mạo hiểm
vertical merger	A type of merger combining two or more firms in successive stages of production	Hợp nhất theo chiều dọc
voluntary bankruptcy	Entrepreneur's decision to file for bankruptcy	Phán sản tự nguyện
window of opportunity	(1) The period of time when the environment is favorable for entrepreneurs to exploit a particular new entry (2) The time period available for creating the new venture	Thời điểm của cơ hội
work history	The past work experience of an individual	Lịch sử công việc